Kutimbua Kivumbi (Stomp the Dust) (2016)

Composer note

Two Black Churches is a song set in two movements composed for baritone Will Liverman and pianist Paul Sánchez. This work is a musical reflection of two significant and tragic events, each perpetrated at the hands of white supremacists in two Black churches, decades apart:

• The 1963 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama which took the lives of four girls.
• The 2015 Mother Emanuel AME Church shooting in Charleston, South Carolina, resulting in the deaths of nine parishioners.

The text of the first movement is a poem by Dudley Randall, Ballad of Birmingham, a narrative account of the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing from the perspectives of the mother of one victim and her child. Stylistically, this movement includes 1960s Black gospel juxtaposed with contemporary art song. And subtly, at moments, the civil rights anthem, We Shall Overcome, and the hymn, Amazing Grace, are heard. While there are strophic elements consistent with the structure of the poem, the work is also rhapsodic, though serious and weighty in nature.

The text of the second movement is a poem written especially for this composition by Marcus Amaker, poet laureate of Charleston, South Carolina, called The Rain. This poem poignantly reflects the shooting at Mother Emanuel AME Church. Set in the coastal city of Charleston, which often floods, The Rain is a beautifully haunting metaphor on racism and the inability of Blacks in America to stay above water — a consequence of the flood of injustice and the weight of oppression. In this composition, the number nine is significant, symbolizing the nine people who perished that day. Musically, this is most evident through meter and a recurring nine-chord harmonic progression. The hymn, ‘Tis so Sweet to Trust in Jesus, is quoted in this movement. This hymn was sung at the first service in the church after the shooting, testifying to a community that chose faith and hope over hate and fear.